Uniting Amendment

Section 1. Citizenship and Immigration

A Citizen holds the highest office in the government of the United States. The term of the Office of Citizen is for life and no Citizen may be removed from that office until demise or abdication. A Citizen may hold her office concurrently with another office of government.

A person born in the United States is a Citizen. A person born to Citizen is a Citizen. Other people who wish to become Citizens are elected. The Citizens of the United States shall, at the time of elections of members of Congress, elect those people to become new Citizens. In the case of a tie in the number of votes, the Citizen-candidates who have lawfully resided in the United States for the longest time shall prevail. The number of Citizen-candidates to be elected each year shall be set at least ninety days prior to the elections. Citizen-candidates may come from anywhere and must reside in the United States prior to registering as a candidate. Citizen-candidates' place of origin and criminal record, if any, shall be disclosed to all voters. Citizens-elect must lawfully and continuously reside in the United States for five years prior or subsequent to election before becoming new Citizens, ordinary travel excluded. Citizen-candidates and Citizens-elect may reside in the United States with the full rights and privileges of the people. Unemancipated minor children of new Citizens also become Citizens. One who has initiated another path to Citizenship at the time of the ratification of this amendment may continue that path or become a Citizen-candidate.

A naturalized or elected Citizen having resided in the United States for at least thirty years shall not be prohibited from becoming President or Vice President by reason of not being a natural born Citizen.

A person willfully entering the United States without authorization is guilty of a crime upon due process and may not receive amnesty or pardon for that infraction.

Any person fleeing poverty or political strife from another country may reside in the United States as a refugee. All refugees must register with the United States Department of State.

Visitors, refugees and immigrants who have recently been within the territory of an aggressor may have rights temporarily restricted to prevent surreptitious aggression.

Section 2 - Suffrage

No Citizen of voting age shall be denied suffrage for any reason, nor shall the right to vote be impeded in any manner. The time period for casting a ballot in any public election shall be a least seven days. A Citizen's vote shall count if that Citizen has provided reasonably unambiguous intent of her choice or choices to any Official or election worker of the jurisdiction anytime before an election is complete. Delivery or communication of a citizen's choice or choices may be via a common carrier.

No registration, declaration or test shall be required to vote, except that a voter shall declare her name and address at the time of voting. A voter's biometric information may be recorded at the time of voting and used solely to prevent duplicate voting. It is a crime for anyone other than a Citizen to vote in a federal election.

The intent of the electorate being the principle concern of an election, no judge or jurist or any other person may prevent the counting of ballots for any reason. No process or method of conducting a public election may be used having been previously determined by any court of precedent or by Congress to be lacking in ability to unambiguously and reliably determine the intent of the electorate. All cast ballots from any public election must be retained for a period of at least twenty years following the election.

Whenever fewer than one-half of all eligible voters cast ballots in any public election, the results of the election shall be temporary and a new election shall be held within ninety days. To the extent practicable, districts of representation to federal, State and local governments shall be of equal population, however, each State, regardless of its population, shall have an equal representation in the United States Senate.

Any candidate for public office upon presentation of the lesser of three percent of voters' signatures or one-thousand voter signatures will be placed on the ballot. States may provide for less restrictive ballot access, however, no change may be made to ballot access methods or standards within one year prior to an election without court order, and all candidates are subject to exactly the same ballot access methods and standard. No ballot access method or standard may show preference to any incumbent or be based on previous electoral results or candidacy.

For purposes of federal representation, suffrage, and appointment of electors, the residents of the current District of the seat of government of the United States in Washington, D.C. are residents of the State of Maryland.

Section 3 - Taxes

The people grant to the government of the United States the power to collect the following taxes:

-All transfers of money or credit from any person or entity in the United States to any other person or entity in the United States shall be taxed at one-half percent, paid by the person or entity receiving the transferred money or credit;

-Any barter exchange or mutual settlement of debt shall be taxed, each party of the transfer paying one-half percent; and

-All transfers of money or credit from anywhere within the United States to anywhere outside the United States shall be taxed at one percent, paid by the source of the transfer.

The government of the United States may not impose or compel the collection of any other tax except the three permitted above; however, taxes owed to the Treasury prior to the ratification date of this Amendment may be collected for a period of five years after ratification.

The government of the United States is excluded from taxing itself for any transfer of money or property to the Treasury, but no other person, entity or transaction is excluded from the tax.

No State may impose, collect, or compel the collection of any tax by or from a person or entity who does not own or lease real property in that State. No State may tax or regulate any activity or property that partially or in whole occurs or is located outside of the State.

No entity may compel the disclosure of financial information from any person or entity in any investigation relating to taxes except upon probable cause that the person or entity has not paid taxes due.

Taxes by State, local, and Federal governments and all others entities of jurisdiction, in aggregate, may not exceed ten percent of any transaction, or three percent per annum of taxable assets or property value. Taxes may only be levied based on objective, consistent, non-arbitrary, specific, equitable criteria that is directly, easily, and unambiguously verifiable by a person of ordinary education and resources.

Section 4 - Rights

The natural state and primary desire of people is to live free. In order to establish harmony, promote tolerance and diversity, and minimize points of contention, the right of all people to do anything they want shall not be abridged, provided that they respect the rights of others and abide by the provisions of this Constitution.

No government or entity may require permission or notification for any activity that is not expressly and specifically restricted by this Constitution.

When protecting rights, the protection of innocent life and wellbeing always supersedes the protection of property.

Rights may not be violated by anyone, anywhere, at any time under any conditions, nor shall prior restraint be employed, unless a specific, express, prohibition or restriction is imposed or allowed by this Amendment. Rights and powers not addressed by this Constitution belong solely to the Citizens and other individuals who are under the jurisdiction of the United States.

All rights shall endure unabridged at all times and in all places irrespective of any war, hostility, emergency, insurrection, or any other event or condition.

The right of the people to teach and learn shall not be abridged, obstructed, compelled, licensed, or in any way restricted irrespective of any commerce related to its exercise. Except for United States taxes permitted herein, teaching or learning shall not be taxed by any entity, nor shall any disclosure, notice, test, accreditation, recognition, report, or standard be compelled or required by any government.

The right of expression shall not be abridged and no speech or publication may be interpreted as causing harm to the country or as providing aid and comfort to an enemy; however, a person having promised not to divulge a specific secret vital to the national defense and later divulging it to an enemy during time of a declared war may be tried with due process. Any penalty for revealing national secrets shall not exceed those penalties ordinarily imposed for violating an ordinary person's right to privacy. The freedom of expression shall not be excluded from any specific place or zone, nor shall it be restricted to any specific place or zone.

The right of the people to move or travel freely upon or be present at any place open to the public or upon private property with the possessor's consent, or anyplace else with the permission of its sovereign, if any, shall not be abridged, impeded, licensed, restricted or otherwise infringed unless the movement or presence would be likely to infringe the rights of others. No checkpoints or inspections may be employed except at the borders of the United States, and only for those who are entering the United States having recently been within the territory of an aggressor.

The inalienable right of all people, natural or juridical, to own, design, make, alter, posses, use, enjoy, or trade any property with anyone, anywhere shall not be abridged provided its mere existence does not present imminent harm to another person or creature, infringe the rights of others or violate the provisions of this Constitution. Tangible property that has the potential to directly create massive, widespread, catastrophic, irreparable, physical, harm over a large region may be regulated. No property may be taken by anyone, anywhere, at any time, by eminent domain, except as expressly provided by this Amendment. A natural or juridical person's ownership in property is allodial, subject only to voluntary, explicit restrictions in deed or contract, or to the provisions of this Constitution. The right to own, use, alter, possess, enjoy and trade real property extends below the surface to the center of the earth; and above the surface to the height of any structure the owner may erect upon the property or to 200 meters, whichever is higher.

Rights may not be violated, infringed, abridged, or in anyway restricted irrespective of any commerce associated with the exercise of those rights. Anyone may enter into any agreement or transaction, including employment contracts, provided that all those whose rights are affected by the agreement or transaction are provided full disclosure with full comprehension, give informed consent and no inalienable rights are waived.

No permit or license is required to exercise any right, however, the use of a common resource may be regulated by permit when the use would likely conflict with the rights of others to use the common resource. No government may cause a resource to become artificially scarce except upon patent or copyright.

The right to control one's own body, including the ingestion of intoxicants and selection of nutrients, or to otherwise alter her body or abilities shall not be infringed, provided that such alteration or ingestion does not: create a burden for others; diminish her ability to meet obligations; nor increase the likelihood that people or creatures could be harmed or that the rights of others could be infringed.

No one may be subjected to the intentional, nonconsensual, infliction of pain, suffering, or inhumane or degrading treatment regardless of age, relation or condition.

No one who is capable of giving informed consent may be compelled to participate in any medical procedure, research study or scientific experiment; those who are incapable of giving informed consent may not be compelled to participate in a manner that is not for their own benefit.

Subordinate to the Constitutional prohibition against discrimination, any natural or juridical person, not acting on behalf of any government, who legally possesses private property may prohibit any other person or thing from entering upon or using the property.

Due process is preserved for all people everywhere in the world. Any proceeding that could result in deprivation shall include:

-an unbiased tribunal;

-prior notice of actions and grounds for actions;

-the right to challenge any action;

-the right to preview a record of all witnesses, testimony and other evidence to be presented;

-the right to call and question witnesses;

-the right to present and oppose evidence; and

-the right to representation by council.

Any decision, findings, or opinion issued shall be in writing and based solely on the evidence presented and apply only preexisting law. Any restrictions imposed under due process shall be limited only to those minimally sufficient to substantially reduce the possibility of future violations of law. Any person convicted of a crime under due process, may have her rights restricted or abridged during a term of sentence, except that a Citizen's right to vote, the right to communicate, the right to life, and other rights supportive of due process shall be preserved. Any sentence or remedy shall be narrowly applied, necessary and sufficient for the purpose of protecting the rights of others or providing restitution, and in all cases the interests of those who respect the rights of others shall prevail over those who have committed a crime.

No person or entity involved in a prosecution that could result in deprivation, or in the application of such deprivation, may be compensated based upon a quota or rate that could influence prosecution, application or amount of those deprivations.

The unalienable right of the people to sue for actual or punitive damages shall not be denied or limited and no award may be altered except upon review of a jury of citizens or mutual consent of all parties. Criminal and civil penalties and remedies shall not be determined by any subjective measure and may only be determined by actual harm or diminished ability to enjoy life or property. Any person who invites or allows one upon property that she possesses that would likely cause harm or who knowingly sells or provides a good or service that, when occupied, used, possessed, or consumed would likely cause harm, must obtain definitive confirmation that a person who is allowed to come upon her property or will use the product or service, or who could be harmed by the use of the property, product or service, has complete knowledge and understanding of any known potential harm. Unemancipated minors are assumed to be incapable of having such knowledge or understanding but may use items under supervision or consent of a guardian. Any person with actual knowledge of a harmful effect of a place, product or service has an affirmative duty to inform a seller, possessor or provider of the harmful effect of the place, product or service.

All Citizens have standing to bring suit in matters of law or against actions of a government that may effect their rights or the rights of others, or in any matter of taxation or government spending.

Any party to an appellate proceeding may, at the onset of the proceeding, request that the issue be reviewed by a jury of citizens acting in consultation with the presiding justice or judge.

The right of Citizens to serve on juries shall not be infringed and jurors may judge the laws and facts of all cases for which they serve. Jurors may question any participant in a proceeding except an accused who is asserting her right to abstain from testimony.

Proceedings and remedies associated with the collection of debts, including tax debts, is limited to civil process and no criminal action or forfeiture of rights may stem from any debt or collection of debt, or from any enforcement or proceeding to collect a debt. Remedies for tax debts are limited to payment of taxes due plus reasonable fines. No one may be compelled to forfeit her food, clothing, resident property of ordinary value, farm or garden for growing food for the family, household property, or tools of trade of ordinary value to any creditor, government, or other entity for any reason. All debts, including taxes and government-guaranteed loans may be dismissed in bankruptcy.

Those who, by their general nature or condition are incapable of understanding abstractions and who are otherwise unable to: care for themselves; respect all the rights of others; and peaceably live in civil society; may have rights restricted under due process only to the extent necessary to preserve order and in a manner that protects the rights of others in civil society while protecting to the fullest extent possible those individuals' right to life, freedom, well-being, and pursuit of happiness. An unemancipated child may have her rights to freely move or travel, possess property, or communicate restricted by law or by a parent or guardian only to the extent necessary to benefit the child or to protect the rights of others. Parental jurisdiction is supreme except in cases of assault, neglect or when potential harm to the child is certain and substantial.

No one may be detained except by one who has an articulable reasonable suspicion that the detainee has committed a crime or is about to comment a crime, such detention to last no longer than necessary to establish whether there is probable cause that the detainee has committed a crime and in no case shall such detention last more that one hour. A detainee shall be informed as soon as possible as to the reason for the detention. One who detains another, upon establishing probable cause that the detainee has committed a crime, may arrest such person and hold her until hearing before a Magistrate, but in no case, and in no place in the world, may a person be held for more than twenty four hours without a hearing before a Magistrate.

Any criterion for issuing writs or warrants related to a criminal investigation authorizing a search, in practice, must yield material evidence to a criminal conviction in at least two out of ten searches. Writs and warrants related to a civil action compelling evidence or testimony shall be narrowly limited to only that evidence or testimony that is necessary to determine the truth and render a decision. Writs and warrants may only be issued by a Magistrate whose connection to the government or to the court is exclusively as her official capacity as a Magistrate. Any criterion for conducting detentions must yield a conviction in at least one percent of all detentions.

All writs and warrants are public and anyone effected shall be immediately notified. If disclosing a writ or warrant will compromise a current investigation, the writ or warrant may be held from publication until it will no longer compromise an investigation, with oversight by those members of the Jury of Citizens or of a Grand Jury who are willing to be sworn to secrecy. But in no case may a writ or warrant be held from publication for more than six months and no disclosure of a writ or warrant may violate the right to privacy.

The right to a speedy and fair trial for those accused of a crime shall not be abridged in any case, or in any place in the world. The reasonable and ordinary cost to prosecute and defend the accused shall be borne by the State, or by the United States in cases of federal jurisdiction. In any particular case, the prosecution and defense shall receive equal resources, and all cases of a similar nature shall receive equal resources. No entity or person may assist or expend resources for the prosecution or defense except as equally provided.

A defendant may request or exercise any right at any time, even when previously waved.

No one may be compelled to appear at any proceeding that requires round trip travel exceeding two hours. No one may be compelled to follow an order by any court if the order stems from an act that violates due process.

Those whose procreation abilities are beyond natural human rates, may have their right to procreate restricted if they cannot care for all progeny or the rate of procreation threatens civil society or corrupts the equal protection of law. When resources available to the people are insufficient to provide the basic lifetime needs of all the people, then one's right to procreate may be limited until all of his grandparents' great-grandparents have passed. No limit may have the effect of discriminating against any race or ethnic group or threaten the existence of any species, kind, race or ethnic group.

A juridical person may not create a natural person.

A natural person acting on behalf of a juridical person who violates the rights of others may have her rights restricted upon due process to prevent future violations.

No person may be convicted of a crime unless the crime is specifically defined in this amendment or has infringed or abridged the rights of another.

No one may be held in jeopardy more than once for the same offense or liability in any criminal, civil or other proceeding. For purposes of protection from double-jeopardy, an offense encompasses all acts related to the offense occurring during the general time of the offense, or connected to the same individuals, property, or intent of the accused. The prosecution, including any grand jury, is burdened with determining all charges and actions against a defendant.

The number of people within any State who are incarcerated or who otherwise have their rights restricted under due process shall not exceed two percent of all people within the State.

Cases of unintentional violation of law due to ignorance shall be solely disposed by education to the violator, education to the people generally, or education specifically to those who may encounter similar circumstances. However, ignorance may not waive restitution or civil remedies.

Whenever those who are entrusted with the enforcement of law become unwilling or incapable of prosecuting violators, and the timely and established avenues of petition to redress by the people have been exhausted, the Citizens may organize themselves to enforce law, prosecute criminals, and protect their rights following due process.

Section 5 - Duties

All persons have certain duties and responsibilities, however, a person's right not to be compelled or conscripted to service or to perform any act without consent shall be preserved. People have the duty to:

-Know their rights;

-Protect their rights, and the rights of others;

-Provide for themselves and their children to the best of their ability;

-Care for those who cannot care for themselves;

-Continually educate themselves and others to the fullest extent;

-Heed the teachings of their Religions or spiritual beliefs;

-Participate in the governance of their communities and nation;

-Keep promises;

-Abide by legitimate laws and assist enforcement;

-Tell the truth in matters of consequence.

No law may prohibit the free exercise of these duties, consistent with the provisions of this Constitution.

An adult of sound mind acting without coercion, duress, or misinformation, is responsible for her own acts.

Section 6 - Equity

Equal protection of the laws shall not be denied, and rights and privileges shall not be denied or abridged, nor enforcement varied, by the United States, or by any State or local government, nor may any restitution or deprivation be varied, or any juridical or natural person discriminate in connection with any employment or public offer, on account of:

-physical or mental illness;

-genetic composition;

-sex;

-gender identity or lack of gender;

-sexual orientation;

-mental, social, or physical ability;

-unintentional physical appearance;

-national origin;

-race or ethnicity;

-biological status or lack of biology;

-age;

-veteran status;

-religion, belief or opinion;

-social status;

-familial status;

-wealthiness or impoverishment; or

-any other condition or status not under one's control.

No right, advantage, favor, waiver, or immunity may be granted, recognized, or guaranteed to any public Official, Representative, or worker or to a particular individual, group or class that is withheld from certain others or all others, except as expressly provided by this Constitution.

No one shall be required to address any public Official or any other government worker by an honorific title, nor shall any government worker or Official request or suggest such address.

When one's condition or status prevents others from the free exercise of their rights, it may be appropriately managed using minimally sufficient means to preserve the rights of others, while accommodating the needs of the person's condition to the extent practical.

The workplace accommodations of government workers who manage or supervise other workers shall be equal in size, comfort, and quality to those of the workers they manage or supervise.

No government worker or worker for an entity who receives any grant of money or subsidy from the Treasury, or who receives payment from the Treasury for any goods or services in excess of market value, shall earn less than one tenth the wage and benefits of the highest paid government worker within a jurisdiction. The average wage and benefits of the government workers of any jurisdiction, shall be equal to the average wage and benefits of the adults residing in the jurisdiction.

Judicial remedies of compensation for hedonic damages and loss of future earnings shall be awarded at an equal rate for all persons who receive such awards.

Judicial remedies paid to a government shall be distributed equally as a direct money payment to all of the people within the jurisdiction who are capable of using money for transactions.

All expenditures from the Treasury that are not from the Basic Assistance Fund shall be such that, over time, they shall benefit all the people equally and expenditures cannot be such that they create a monopoly, or cause the extinction of an entity within a market. Appropriations by Congress or any State or local government of money, services, or other benefit for education shall be distributed as equally as possible to each and every person within the effected jurisdiction.

Whenever access to public Officials or meetings must be limited because the demand for access exceeds practical availability, the access shall be awarded by equal lot. Release of public information shall be done in a manner so as not to provide an advantage in access, understanding or timeliness to any particular person, entity or group.

Whenever the use or alteration of public land or any other common resource must be limited or organized, the right of use or alteration shall be distributed equally among all the people and any person may freely trade such right with any other entity without restriction.

The term of protection for patents shall equal the term of protection for copyrights, and all issues shall be of equal length.

Section 7 - Freedom to Worship

The right to Worship and Prayer shall not be infringed at any time or place provided that the rights of others are respected and that no one, while acting on behalf of any government, encourages others to such acts or beliefs or disparages a religion or belief.

Section 8 - Commerce

In order to provide better choices, promote free and fair markets, and encourage the improvement of goods and services, nongovernmental entities who participate in commerce and who have a common ownership, control, or influence may not:

1. Have a total number of workers exceeding one-half of one percent of the total number of adults in the United States or exceeding two percent of a State's population;

2. Have total assets exceeding twenty percent of the annual revenue of the United States Treasury;

3. Have revenue or customers exceeding forty percent of a mature and thriving market in which it competes; or

4. Have ownership or control over more than twenty percent of a unique resource.

For purposes of this Section, markets that are growing at a rate exceeding fifteen percent per annum of people or revenue are immature, and those that are shrinking over the years are not thriving.

No law or act of Congress may have the effect of reducing free and fair trade in any marketplace except those facilitating patents and copyrights.

In any contract, the party who has superior wealth or resources, shall have actual, definitive, confirmation that all counterparties have complete knowledge and understanding of the terms and any potential harm that may result from the agreement, and no statutory standard for disclosure shall absolve anyone from this requirement.

Congress may provide for a procedure by which patents or copyrights may be placed in the public domain with the consent of the holder with a one-time compensation from the Treasury to the holder not to exceed ten times the average annual wage of the people. Congress may compensate a holder with her consent with a lifetime benefit in exchange for all existing and future works of the holder, of an amount not exceeding two times the annual average wage of the people.

Any person or entity who receives any grant of money or subsidy, from the Treasury, or who receives payment for any product or service in excess of market value, shall make all works, plans, writings, lessons, art, ideas, designs, copyrights, patents or any reproducible material produced by that person as a direct result of such funding, freely available for reproduction by anyone including the right to copy or modify such works with attribution, recursively.

The genetic or other code of an individual who has ever had individual or inalienable rights may not be copyrighted or patented by another.

Any common carrier of information or freight may not discriminate based on contents, however, content or material that, by its unique qualities, poses a threat to the carrier's equipment or to personal safety may be restricted, prohibited or handled separately.

Section 9 - Respect for Life and Nature

No person may take any action that causes a race or species of life to become endangered or extinct in nature except in the case of tangible, microscopic contagions that are noxious to health and have no known supportive purpose. No land may be altered in a manner that causes it to be ordinarily uninhabitable for a period of one hundred years or more by natural species. A person acting on behalf of any government may not harm or kill any person or creature who has the right to exist and no funds may be allocated to facilitate that purpose, except for acts of self defense as provided by this Amendment.

Section 10 - Powers

The powers of the government of the United States, and of the State and local governments, are limited to only those powers expressly and specifically enumerated in this Amendment and may only be exercised consistent with, and subordinate to the rights of the people.

The people grant to Congress the following limited powers:

-Establish standard definitions for words and phrases used in the exchange of goods and services for those words and phrases that have been identified as essential, yet ambiguous by the federal courts either expressly, or implicitly by divided opinions about the definitions. Definitions established by Congress are not to differ from ordinary, common sense meanings and be as simple, unbiased and concise as possible, with the right to contractually create alternate definitions for such words and phrases reserved to the people;

-Specify standards for disclosure for specific goods and services that have been identified by the courts as potentially harmful, such standards to be easy to understand and implement and produce disclosures that are effective and easy to understand;

-Regulate the transport of tangible property that has the potential to directly create massive, widespread, catastrophic, irreparable, physical, harm over a large region;

-To organize or limit the use or alteration of scarce common resources to better facilitate their use, such power limited to resources that cannot be entirely organized under the jurisdiction of any particular State;

-Determine rules of procedure of Congress consistent with this Constitution, each House their own;

-Determine the location of the District of the seat of government of the United States and the State of residence for the District;

-Maintain and distribute the Basic Assistance Fund as provided by this Amendment;

-Make appropriations to and from the Treasury as limited by this amendment;

-Audit the accounts of the Treasury and the Central Bank;

-Discipline members of Congress for disorderly conduct and expel members with concurrence of three-fourths of both Houses;

-Collect taxes and borrow money as provided by this Constitution;

-Establish fair and equitable laws regarding bankruptcy consistent with this Constitution;

-Print, coin, or otherwise create money as provided by this Constitution;

-Set the rules and term for patents and copyrights, and the acquisition of them, as limited by this Constitution;

-Acquire for the people by eminent domain the copyright or patent rights to anything that is essential for life or health and is not otherwise readily available to those in need;

-Regulate indiscriminate weapons as defined and limited by this amendment;

-Establish, fund and set the rules for inferior courts;

-Declare war and peace, allies and aggressors, and restrict trade with the latter during a state of war;

-Set the number per annum of new immigrants and elected Citizens to the United States;

-Set restrictions on the activity of new immigrants, refugees and visitors, the minimum reasonably necessary to protect against surreptitious aggression;

-Maintain the Armed Forces and the Peace Corp, and regulate them within the limits of this Constitution;

-Set the rules for temporary nationalization of the National Guard during times of extraordinary threats to the nation;

-Confirm treaties made by the President upon three-fifths vote of both Houses;

-Confirm appointments as provided by this Constitution;

-Vest the appointment of such inferior officers, as they think proper, in the President alone, in the courts of law, or in the heads of departments.

-Purchase, maintain, and dispose of property of the United States, and determine its use within the limits of the Constitution;

-Compel witnesses to appear in proceedings of the removal of civil officers of the United States; and

-Exercise other powers expressly and specifically enumerated in this amendment that do not abridge the rights of the people.

Congress may manifest its powers as limited by this Constitution by making laws, however, all laws and acts of Congress shall be those that are minimally required to affect the provisions of this Constitution. In any challenge to a law or an act of Congress, if evidence is presented of a more efficient, less expensive or less intrusive and legal method to affect a similar result, the law shall be voided and the most efficient, least expensive and least intrusive legal method shall be implemented by Congress.

Congress has no power to impeach, however, the President, Vice President, or any other civil officer of the United States may be removed from office upon a vote of three-fourths of both houses of Congress. A simple majority in each House shall be required to call a proceeding of the removal of a civil officer, however, such proceeding may not be called against the President if the office of Vice President is vacant by any means other than resignation.

The people grant to the States the following limited powers to exercise within their respective jurisdictions in a manner consistent with and subordinate to this Constitution:

-Establish legislatures, courts, councils, governorships, or other state and local government departments provided that representatives and principle officers are directly elected by the people;

-Establish a treasury, collect taxes and fines, and make disbursements to the benefit of the people;

-Administer elections;

-Organize a National Guard;

-Charter local governments and delegate any powers of the State to them;

-Provide for the establishment of juridical persons;

-Maintain public records;

-Restrict the rights of those who violate the law following due process;

-To organize or limit the use or alteration of scarce common resources to better facilitate their use, such power limited to resources that are possible to organize solely under the jurisdiction of the State;

-Regulate noise, artificial lighting or shade, odors, and other nuisances that cross property lines or effect those in public places. Aesthetic issues and other land use restrictions may be established via consensual deed restrictions and voluntary associations.

-Provide assistance to those in need of food, shelter, healthcare, education, or other basic needs;

-Enforce the State's laws and laws of the United States within the State; and

-Make and enforce other laws within the State, and exercise other powers solely for the purpose of defending rights, provided such laws and powers do not infringe the rights of anyone.

The people grant to the Executive the following limited powers:

-The President shall be Commander in Chief of the Armed Forces and the Corps of the United States;

-She shall command the Militia of the several States, when called into the actual service of the United States;

-He may require the opinion, in writing, of the principal officer in each of the executive departments, upon any subject relating to the duties of their respective offices;

-She may direct any State to enforce the laws of the United States within the State;

-She shall have Power to grant reprieves and pardons for offenses against the United States, except in cases of impeachment.

-He shall have Power, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, to make treaties, provided two thirds of the Senators present concur;

-She shall nominate, and by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, shall appoint ambassadors, other public ministers and consuls, jurists of the Supreme Court, and all other officers of the United States, whose appointments are not otherwise provided for in this Constitution, and which shall be established by law; and

-He may, at his sole discretion, terminate any officer or worker within the Armed Forces or any executive department, provided he has the power to unilaterally appoint such position by law.

Congress and other legislatures may not delegate power except to the Citizens or people of a jurisdiction generally and equally, or as otherwise provided by this amendment. No rules concerning a law may be adopted nor laws interpreted except by judicial review.

The use or alteration of a common resource may only be limited or organized when its supply or capacity is insufficient to meet the actual, unregulated demand for its use or alteration and when that unregulated condition infringes rights.

No entity shall be compelled to expend, in any effort to comply with regulations imposed upon it, an amount greater than one percent of the entity's revenue, nor more than one tenth percent per annum of the entity's total equity, without complete compensation from the regulator(s).

All laws must be specific, unambiguous, and in their simplest form. All legislative action that regulates shall favor education and disclosure rather than compelled behavior; and the regulations shall prescribe outcomes or results rather than proscribe specific actions or regulate preconditions.

No person may enforce any law or order that conflicts with this Constitution.

Transparency of governance being essential to a democracy, all laws and regulations shall be written so that they are understandable by a person of average intelligence and education, and immediately distributed in the most available manner. All meetings between government Officials (except meetings among those who only hold the office of Citizen) shall be made public for the people in the most available fashion. All votes of legislative bodies and subordinate committees shall be recorded, indicating the name and vote of each member. Each payment from the Treasury shall be immediately disclosed to the public with such disclosure to include the amount, payee, a detailed reason for the expenditure, and a budget line item accounting of the payment. All information of public concern known to the United States or any State or local government, or any person working for them, shall be distributed to the people in the most clear, immediate and available manner.

The Executive power to reprieve or pardon shall not be used for anyone whose crime: has benefited the President, Vice President, or a Department Head; has expanded the power of government; or was committed with the expectation of pardon or reprieve. Nor may pardons or reprieves apply to future acts, or be used for anyone who has provided a significant donation or other benefit to the Executive or a Department Head. No law may provide criminal or civil immunity to any specific natural or juridical person or group of persons.

Legislative authority is reserved only to the Congress or to the States; no statement, order, or proclamation of the Executive has any binding power or validity as law.

If the President is unable to finish a term of office for any reason the succeeding President may not serve beyond the current term.

Section 11 - Representation

The Senate and House of Representatives shall be composed of members chosen every year. All Senators and Representatives shall be elected at-large within each State. Each Citizen in a State may vote for two Senators and one Representative. Two Senators shall be elected from the Senate candidates receiving the most votes and the allotted number of Representatives of the State shall be elected from the Representative candidates who receive the most votes. A runoff election shall be held in the case of a tie.

The term of Senators and Representatives is one year and they are limited to three terms of service. Members of Congress serving during the first three years after the ratification of this Amendment are exempt from limits on term and income for as long as they continuously hold their office in Congress.

Section 12 - The Treasury and the Central Bank

All revenues and all expenditures of the United States shall be paid to or from the Treasury.

Expenditures from the Treasury may not exceed tax receipts of the Treasury and when the balance of the Treasury represents a debt, the expenditures from the Treasury may not exceed 95 percent of the tax receipts except during time of war or national emergency as declared by Congress; nor shall any future commitments be made that could require deficit spending. Any carried surplus balance of the Treasury may be used and considered as revenue for purposes of this limit on expenditures. No President, Representative, Senator, Department Head, or Federal Reserve Governor may be elected, reelected, hired or appointed to any office or position within any public government or receive any benefit or payment, directly or indirectly from the United States or any State until all debts incurred or authorized during or subsequent to her term have been repaid.

No expenditure shall be contingent upon the enactment of legislation by any State or local government.

Proceeds from the sale of any non-financial asset of the United States shall be distributed equally as a direct money payment to all the people who are capable of using money for transactions and shall not accrue to the balance of the Treasury.

No contracts of obligation of the United States may be offered or accepted with a term that endures beyond the term of the Executive except: treaties ratified and bonds issued in accordance of law; payments that are specifically and expressly authorized to an extended term by this Constitution; and the ordinary traditional obligations of the Central Bank.

The legal currency of the United States is the Dollar. The quantity of base money shall not exceed an amount of eighteen thousand dollars for each natural person who has the capacity to use money for transactions.

The Central Bank of the United States shall: operate a non-exclusive payment system for clearing transactions; distribute the Nation's currency and coin; serve as a banker for the Treasury; and assist with the collection of fines and judicial remedies that require interaction with banks. Any bank may establish an account with the Central Bank and all banks shall have equal opportunity to trade assets for monetary base with the Central Bank. The Board of Governance of the Central Bank is composed of six Governors appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate, and six Governors elected by the shareholders' shares. The term of the Governors is six years and all shall be considered government workers. Each year, one is selected by the President and one is elected by the shareholders' shares. Shareholders may replace a Governor upon two-thirds majority vote of shares, such vote called upon petition of one-tenth of the shareholders' shares.

Each bank must keep in reserve of currency and coin at least one-half of its guaranteed deposits, with the remaining amount, if any, insured through a common pool on deposit as reserve with the Central Bank, such pool having one fourth of insured deposits in reserve. All equity in the Central Bank shall be openly traded in shares of a single class of public stock held only by Citizens of the United States, each share having one vote and no Citizen holding more than one-tenth percent of total shares. The Central Bank may require reasonable controls and disclosures as a condition for insurance solely for the purpose of preventing fraud by a bank's management or personnel.

Section 13 - Defense

The right of self-defense shall not be infringed; the right of the people to lawfully possess, use, transport, transfer, sell, buy, or otherwise own or control any weapon or defensive device for the purpose of the defense of their life, liberty, family, community and property from criminals, aggressors, usurpers or tyrants shall not be abridged, infringed, licensed, or regulated.

A person who is in the custody of law enforcement, initiates violence or threatens to initiate violence; or whose negligent care or use of a weapon or defensive device endangers others, may have her liberties restricted upon due process. No person may transfer a device or weapon to anyone who has her liberties to use or possess such a device or weapon restricted under due process as evidenced by the Census.

Indiscriminate weapons may be regulated by Congress. An indiscriminate weapon is a thermonuclear explosive, or any other tangible weapon that, when used against an aggressor during any particular defensive act, would likely maim or kill a non-aggressor. Any regulation of an indiscriminate weapon shall be narrowly constructed so as to affect protection of non-aggressors with the least amount of restriction possible. No person may be restricted from using or possessing a type of device or weapon that is lawful for any other person, except that the Armed Forces directed by the President as Commander-in-Chief may use extraordinary weapons in defense of the Nation.

No force under the control of the President, Congress, or other entity of the United States or any juridical or natural person may be used at any time or place against a Citizen who does not present direct, imminent physical harm unless expressly and specifically allowed by this Constitution. All available nonviolent solutions shall be exhausted before the use of force, and lethal force may only be used when available nonviolent or nonlethal force would be inadequate for protection. Weapons may be restricted or prohibited in courthouses, jails, prisons, police stations, and other facilities ordinarily and traditionally used to process or handle prisoners and criminal suspects.

The President, as Commander-in-Chief may only direct the Armed Forces to use force against an aggressor, and only with a declaration of war by Congress or to repel an attack under exigent circumstances. If force is used without a declaration of war, the President shall inform the Speaker of the House within 48 hours of the initiation of the force and if Congress does not declare war against the object of the force within seven days, then the President shall immediately withdraw the use of force. A declaration of war or emergency shall require yea votes from a majority of members present in each House of Congress and must specify the aggressors, geographic scope, and the conditions and extent of the force to be used. Congress may not make a declaration of war against, or declare as an aggressor, any person, group or entity under the usual jurisdiction of the United States. A declaration of war or emergency shall stand for no more than ninety days, at which time the Congress may extend the declaration for subsequent periods, each no longer than ninety days. A state of war that extends beyond one year shall be placed before the people in referendum each year and upon a majority vote of Citizens voting against it, shall be ended and no other similar declaration issued. The propriety of the declaration of war or emergency shall also be placed before the people concurrent with the referendum and upon a majority vote of Citizens voting nay as to its propriety, all members of Congress voting in favor of the most recent extension or declaration of war shall be removed from office.

Section 14 - Privacy

The right of privacy shall be preserved. Information is public if it: is lawfully and generally known or knowable to the public using ordinary, natural, non-palpitating, unmodified, unaided human senses, or is openly transmitted as light in the visible spectrum to a place beyond its immediate private or public source; is intentionally and lawfully transmitted to the public by any means; is not otherwise reasonably expected to be private under lawful conditions; or is the result of any official activity of a government while respecting the people's right to privacy. All other information is private.

Information provided to another is assumed to be private unless the recipient has definite confirmation from the provider that it is not. It is unlawful to reveal private information to anyone without the consent of the subject or source of the information.

No evidence may be compelled, and no building, vehicle, or any other property or person may be searched or seized, or examined in a manner that could reveal private information that is not able to be known with the ordinary, natural, non-palpitating, unmodified, unaided human senses without a warrant issued by a Magistrate upon probable cause that a crime has been committed, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly, in the narrowest fashion, describing the place or thing to be searched, the time and manner of the search, the person or things to be seized, and the information to be gathered.

The States may provide for the conditions and manner by which lost or abandoned property may be searched or seized solely for the purpose of facilitating the disposition of the property and only when no crime is suspected.

Thoughts are private. No person may use any drug, artificial device or procedure to elicit, measure or alter the testimony, thoughts or memories of another without her consent. If one is incapable of providing consent, then such device may be used as part of a medical therapy for her benefit. The testimony or thoughts of a person suspected of committing a crime may be elicited or measured by such drug, device or procedure upon probable cause only under extraordinary, exigent circumstances to prevent specific, direct, massive, widespread, catastrophic, irreparable, physical harm over a large region and only when all other legal methods to prevent the harm have been exhausted.

Tangible property that has the potential to directly create massive, widespread, catastrophic, irreparable, physical, harm over a large region

A person who unlawfully violates the privacy of another while forensic evidence is gathered shall, upon due process, be banned from gathering or assisting in the gathering of evidence for any future proceedings, however, any evidence gathered during the first violation may be presented at trial.

When a person's private information is collected or seized as evidence, it may only be revealed or released to the general public if the person is convicted of a crime and only if the private information is material evidence in the conviction.

Section 15 - Legislative Procedure

Any Senator or Representative may introduce a bill within her respective house of Congress at any time. The President may introduce bills in Congress by notice to the President of the Senate and the Speaker of the House. If a bill fails to advance to a yea or nay vote on passage in a timely manner, then upon request of the introducer of the bill, the original or amended bill at the introducer's option, is to be voted yea or nay as to passage by all members of both houses of Congress within seven days of such request. Members not voting on the bill or voting anything but nay shall be counted and recorded as a yea vote. A simple majority of yea votes in each house shall approve the bill and the approved bill shall proceed as any other bill. Each Senator and Representative shall be limited to two such requests per session. The President shall be limited to introducing ten bills during each session of Congress.

These provisions do not prohibit the introduction of bills by other methods.

Any bill passing both houses and receiving less than two-thirds majority may be immediately challenged by any member as to its constitutionality, such member specifying the issue of contention. The challenged bill shall be referred to the Supreme Court for review, simultaneously with Presidential review. The Court shall, within ten days, Sundays excluded, issue a summary opinion limited to the issue of contention, or return the bill without comment. The opinion, if any, shall become law only if the bill becomes law, and such opinion shall be included with all official printings of the law.

All proposed bills and amendments, prior to introduction, must be written personally and legibly, at least once, by the President or a member or members of Congress in their own hands using only ordinary human abilities with an ink pen and paper.

Nominees for appointment by the Executive to any vacant office or position shall be made within 30 days of vacancy. Nominees for appointment shall be voted yea or nay by all members of the Senate within 30 days of nomination. Senators not voting shall be counted and recorded as a yea vote. A majority of yea votes confirms the nomination and a majority of nay votes denies the nomination. In the event of a denial, the President shall propose another nominee within 15 days of Senate denial. If no appointment has been agreed upon within sixty days of the President's first nomination for appointment, then the President may temporarily appoint a person who has not previously been denied by the Senate for a term not to exceed one year, at which time the person shall vacate the position and that appointee may not serve in any other Executive position without Senate confirmation. The Senate may confirm any temporary appointee to a full term at anytime during the appointee's temporary term. If the Executive fails to nominate an appointee at any point within the specified times, the Senate shall appoint an officer of its choice by a majority vote as if she were nominated by the Executive.

Section 16 - Supreme Court

The Supreme Court is composed of nine Jurists and a Jury of Citizens composed of ten jurors from each State. Jurists and jurors shall be at least eighteen years of age. The Jurists may interpret the law of this Constitution for questions brought before it and issue opinions and decisions which become common law upon the concurrence of a majority of the Jurists of the Supreme Court and subject to review by the Jury of Citizens. Meetings and deliberations of the Jurists shall occur at a location that is at least one thousand kilometers distance from the location where Congress normally meets.

The Jury is composed of a sortition of Citizens, ten from each State, each Citizen serving in a session of six months duration. The Speaker of the House of Representatives shall oversee the random selection of the Jury of Citizens on the first Mondays of September and March, with the sessions beginning on the first Mondays of October and April. Jurors who are unable to serve may resign upon notice to the Speaker of the House. All vacancies in the Jury shall be immediately filled with a Citizen from the same State, randomly selected in the same manner as other Jurors and serving the remainder of the session.

The purpose of the Jury of Citizens is to protect rights and preserve the integrity of the democracy. Upon the request of at least five of the Jurors, the Jury will review any action of the Jurists of the Supreme Court and upon a three-fifths majority vote of the Jurors, cancel any decision or opinion of the Supreme Court or any part thereof that infringes or abridges rights. The cancelled opinion or decision shall not be effective or become law. Any decision or opinion that is not cancelled by the Jury within 30 days after it is issued by the Jurists shall become common law. Decisions of the Jury of Citizens shall include statements from each of the Jurors, individually or concurring, providing explanation as to how their decisions protected rights. The Jury of Citizens, upon a simple majority of its members, may compel the Supreme Court to review any case or Congressional action and render an opinion or decision.

Congress may provide for subordinate federal courts, whose decisions and opinions are subject to review by higher courts of jurisdiction. Decisions of the courts are binding precedent in common law and may not be reversed except upon review of a higher court of jurisdiction, or by the Supreme Court as necessary when a previous decision clearly contradicts this Constitution. All decisions and opinions of all courts are public information and shall be immediately published in the most available fashion, subordinate to the right of privacy as recognized by this Constitution.

The Constitution shall be interpreted and applied exactly as written; no more and no less. The meanings of the words used in this Constitution are those literal meanings at the time they were written. Should such literal interpretation yield a holding which a court determines is unjust or otherwise untenable, then the court shall declare that legislation or amendment is required to correct the situation. All contentions of interpretation must defer to the rights of the people over the powers or interests of any government. Any law that is vague, unnecessarily complex, or incomprehensible to a person of average intelligence and education is void.

Section 17 - Statehood

No State may join or exit the Union, nor may any State change its boundaries without amendment to this Constitution.

Section 18 - Integrity

No Representative, Senator, Jurist, President, Vice President, principle Officer of the Executive departments, manager, Department Head or other Official of the United States may earn, create or receive any money, benefit, workplace accommodations, service, thing of value or promise, contract, privilege, expense account, privileged information, expectation or instrument of future value, or increase in wealth, from any source, public or private, with a total value in excess of the median wage of the people for a period beginning one year prior to assuming their office or position until twenty years after they have left their office or position, nor may any asset be placed in trust, escrow or accrue to their future benefit nor may they earn, create or receive any other benefit not extended to the people; anything received in excess shall be given to the Treasury as revenue to the United States, nor may they ever work for or receive anything of value from any entity that has conducted business with the United States, or any entity that has received a grant, financial aid or subsidy from the United States, either directly or indirectly, nor may they, during their time in office or service, participate in any decision affecting any entity or industry that has provided any benefit to them within ten years of the time of such decision. Such restrictions shall also apply to their spouses and to anyone or any entity with which they hold interest or control, or voluntarily share a residence.

Any President, Senator, Representative, Official or government worker in a position to influence or effect policy and having a conflict of interest or having accepted any benefit to herself or to any entity on her behalf or otherwise to have come under influence other than her own conscience or the will of the people, shall recuse herself from any participation, deliberation, vote, or other activity that influences any policy or legislation effecting any such benefactor or source of influence. However, the right of suffrage as an ordinary citizen shall not be abridged in any situation.

No vendor to the United States may be shown preference to any other and no award of sale may be made that favors an incumbent vendor or incumbent vendors generally. Vendors may not contribute to the benefit of any President, Senator, Representative, or any Official or government worker in a position to influence or effect the award of any sale to the vendor.

The government of the United States, and all State and local governments, and all those who work for those governments, must abide by all provisions of all laws that apply to others within their jurisdictions, however, no juror, jurist, President, Vice President, State Governor, member of Congress or member of a State legislature may be prevented from participating in necessary and official meetings, proceedings, deliberations, or votes except by removal from position or office as provided by this Constitution and by the laws of the States.

No one may work for the United States or receive any payment or compensation for goods or services, or otherwise hold an office or a position of service for the government of the United States for more than a total of ten years, excluding soldier service during time of a declared war. However, the right to free expression and petition for redress shall not be infringed.

Any government jurisdiction of more than 500 people may not employ as government workers more than three percent of the people within its jurisdiction.

Workers of the federal government of United States who were employed prior to January 1, 2013 and who are displaced by the implementation of this Amendment within five years after its ratification shall receive a pension of 86,000 dollars per year for ten years as their sole benefit. A person accepting this benefit is barred from holding any office, position or employment with any public government and may not receive any other payments from the United States government either directly or indirectly.

Nothing in this section shall be interpreted as limiting the right of expression in support of a candidate or cause.

Section 19- Basic Assistance

The care of those in need being a concern of a civil society, Congress shall establish a Basic Assistance Fund. A minimum of one-third of all tax receipts shall be reserved in the Fund. Any adult person having lawfully residing in the United States for at least one year and being in need of basic assistance may submit a request for assistance. A person may submit up to four requests per month and each request is limited to a maximum amount of seven-tenths of the average weekly wage of all adults, but a person may request no more than they require for basic needs. Each person making a request shall immediately receive a direct money payment from the Basic Assistance Fund in the amount of her request but no more than the maximum. Each request must be supported by an oath or affirmation of the reason for the request. Requesters may voluntarily provide services or assistance to others as they fit. Congress may publish guidelines defining basic needs, however, each requester is the final arbiter of her own basic need.

Biometric information or other uniquely identifiable information about the requester may be collected and recorded solely for the purpose of identification and for prevention of duplicate payments.

If the total amount of all requests are less than one-third of all tax receipts, the excess tax receipts shall be reserved in the Fund as surplus. Congress may use the surplus to fulfill requests during time of exceptional need. If the total amount of all requests exceed one-half of the total of all tax receipts, Congress may set the limit of the maximum request to a lower amount as needed to preserve up to one-half of all tax receipts for funding of other functions of government.

If the surplus in the Fund exceeds twice the amount of the average annual tax receipts, Congress may direct that the surplus that exceeds such limit accrue to the General Fund of the Treasury. Money retained in the Basic Assistance Fund may only be used to fulfill requests for basic assistance as provided in this section. Costs of administration and distribution of the Basic Fund shall be borne by the General Fund.

No payment of basic assistance may be garnished, attached, promised or otherwise compelled to satisfy any debt. All basic assistance requests and payments are public information and shall be maintained and published in the most available fashion as part of the Census. Any person or entity may contact any or all recipients of basic assistance to offer advice, education or additional assistance.

Recipients may use the funds they receive from the Basic Assistance Fund for shelter, sustenance, healthcare, education, transportation, political participation, communication or any other purpose.

Payments from the Basic Assistance Fund as authorized in this section shall be the sole source of any and all particular or specific subsides, grants, credits, benefits, entitlements, assistance, welfare, aid, insurance, pension, proceed, or other supportive payment or service provided to any person or entity, however, other payments specifically and expressly authorized by this Amendment are segregated as specified.

Section 20 - Census

The Executive shall maintain a list of all people within the jurisdiction of the United States. The list shall include: full name, domicile address, Citizenship/Immigration status, a unique identifier, a recent photograph, place and date of birth, a list of payments received from the Treasury with reasons and accounts, and all rights (if any) that have been restricted under due process. The list shall be updated and published frequently in the most available manner, and each person is obligated to provide current and accurate information about themselves for the list. Magistrates shall provide timely information about any rights that have been restricted under due process. The Executive may use public information to verify the information in the list and the information in the list shall be authoritative for the Census and for all legal purposes, subject to judicial review.

Section 21 - Foreign Policy

The primary foreign policy of the Nation is to protect the rights of the people and Citizens of the United States and to support the values embodied in this Constitution. The United States will modify or exit any treaties or portions of treaties conflicting with this Constitution.

Section 22 - Amendments and Referendums

Upon petition of one tenth of the people, presented to the Speaker of the House, a proposed amendment to this Constitution shall be placed on the ballot at the time of the elections of members of Congress, except that any such petition being presented within sixty days of a Congressional election shall be placed on the ballot of the next subsequent Congressional election. Upon receiving a simple majority of votes of the Citizens voting in the election, the proposed amendment shall be placed on the ballot a second time in the next annual Congressional election, and upon receiving two-thirds of affirmative votes of the Citizens voting, shall, for all intents and purposes become a part of this Constitution.

No right may be abridged by amendment of this Constitution or by any other process without an affirmative vote of four-fifths of the Citizens of the United States. Any future amendment to this Constitution that awards any benefit to the people unequally shall require an affirmative vote of four-fifths of the Citizens voting.

Any act of Congress, upon petition of ten percent of the people of the United States, shall be placed on the ballot in referendum in the next congressional election, except if the petition being presented to Congress within sixty days of an election, the referendum shall appear on the ballot of the next subsequent Congressional election. Upon receiving a three-fifths majority of nay votes of the Citizens voting, such law is repealed.

Upon the petition of one-tenth of the Citizens, any question of removal from office of the President, Vice President, or any other civil Officer may be placed on the ballot of a Congressional election and upon a vote of three-fourths majority of the Citizens voting, the Officer shall be removed from office.

Section 23 - Definitions

Science has made possible new technologies, including the ability to modify genetic information and will soon create life of a nature previously unknown. This ability necessitates specific definitions and recognitions.

Any one of a kind who has the capacity to feel pain, pleasure, happiness, sadness, stress or comfort, and in any way express a preference for a condition of their treatment, has the right to exist without pain or suffering, and enjoy freedom to the fullest extent possible.

People are any of a kind who: have the ability to feel happiness or sadness; have a desire to live and be free; naturally form complex societies with their own or with others; understand abstractions; and who can communicate. A juridical person is a legal entity with a distinct identity authorized by law with duties and rights. The term "person" in this Constitution means a natural person, or a juridical person only if specified. The term "people" means a person individually or a group of persons. A viviparous individual exists and has rights beginning at the midpoint of gestation until demise. Others exist and have rights when created until demise. An adult is a person of voting age or an emancipated minor.

Corporations and other juridical persons may only be considered individuals with rights and obligations for civil issues concerning: property, contracts and transactions, venue and other procedural law, civil suits, taxation, bankruptcy and economic liability, expression, and association; and for rights and obligations under criminal law as legislated by Congress or the States.

Due process is the protocol proscribed by law that must be followed during any action or proceeding that could result in deprivation. Due process preserves the rights of the individual undergoing the proceeding.

The noun "Official" means a person who carries out any of the duties, tasks, work, or responsibilities of a government under the legitimate authority of law, beyond those of an ordinary Citizen.

A right is an autonomy possessed by an individual. Individuals possess rights irrespective of their recognition by government or others. The term "right" may also refer to a proscription of conduct toward an individual during due process. An autonomy is a state or condition of self-determination.

Force is the use of any technique to physically coerce, restrain, injure or kill someone, or to damage property. Violence is the use of force with the intent to injure or kill someone.

Commerce is the trading of goods or services for money or for other goods or services between two or more natural or juridical persons who have the ability to use money. The monetary base consists of all currency and coin in public circulation, reserve currency in bank vaults, and deposits in the Central Bank that may be immediately exchanged for currency.

A patent is a recognition of a new, unique invention by an individual. A copyright is a recognition of new, unique music, art or writing by an individual. A patent or copyright may be awarded by Congress to a creator as compensation for the effort of creation. An award of a patent or copyright may temporarily restrict the rights of all those, other than the creator, to produce or reproduce the subjects of those specific patents or copyrights.

A tax is any payment compelled by the government of the United States or by any State or local government, irrespective of any goods, benefits, or services connected with it, however, judicial remedies paid to non-government parties under due process are not taxes.

A common resource is a thing that is used and is either publicly owned by a government or that by its very nature cannot entirely be owned and possessed by a natural or juridical person. Common resources include, but are not limited to: the air, airspace and orbital space; water flowing or likely to flow across property boundaries; intellectual property in the public domain; the electromagnetic spectrum; and travel ways, buildings, land and bodies of water owned by a government.

A State is the primary political subdivision within the United States. The National Guard is the militia that is organized and maintained by the States. A militia is a voluntary association of people for the purpose of defense.

The most available fashion or method for distributing information is that method or methods that result in the most individuals being aware of, obtaining and understanding the information in the most timely manner.